adj., v. (pp.)
Cl stede, stadde; Erk stadde
‘placed; put down (in writing); present; standing there’
(Modern English stead)cp. OIcel staddr ‘placed, present’ < PGmc *staðaða-, pp. of OIcel steðja ‘to stop, permit, fix, appoint’ < PGmc *staðjan- (cp. OFris stedda, MDu/MLG steden) or perhaps < *staþjan- (cp. OE stæððan). ME stad is regularly used suppletively as the pp. of the otherwise native v. ME steden ‘to put, place’ (apparently a new formation on the OE n. stede, since no verbal derivation on PGmc *stað- is attested in OE). It shows typically ON syncope (the OE equivalent would have been *steded), and consequently ON /ðð/ > /dd/); the failure of front mutation is also typical of the past tenses of ON verbs of this type.
PGmc Ancestor
*staðaða-
Proposed ON Etymon (OIcel representative)
staddr ‘placed, present’
(ONP steðja (2) (vb.))
Other Scandinavian Reflexes
Icel steðja, Norw steda, stede, Dan stede, Sw städa, städja
OE Cognate
stede (n.) 'place, position, station'
Phonological and morphological markers
syncope (and failure of front mutation)
ON /ðð/ > /dd/
Summary category
A1*c
Predominantly N/E and alliterative (inc. Jos.Arim. and (a1470) Malory Wks.(Win-C)).
Occurrences in the Gersum Corpus
Gaw 33, 644, 2137; Cl 90, 806, 983, etc.; Erk 274; WA 465, 499
On the sense of Gaw 2137, see Wright 1906: 222.