v. (wk.)
Gaw past and pp. wayued; Pat past 3 sg. wayued; WA pres. 3 sg. wayues, wayfes
‘to wave, swing, agitate; sweep from side to side; offer, show (trans.)’ (Modern English waive)
PGmc Ancestor
*waiƀjan-
Proposed ON Etymon (OIcel representative)
veifa ‘to wave, vibrate, pull (trans.)’
(ONP veifa (1) and (2) (vb.))
Other Scandinavian Reflexes
Icel veifa, Norw veiva, Dan veive, Sw veva
OE Cognate
wǣfan ‘to wrap, clothe’
Phonological and morphological markers
ON /ei/ < PGmc */ai/
Summary category
A1*c
Mainly N and E and alliterative (inc. PP), but some signs of wider currency from the late 14c.
Occurrences in the Gersum Corpus
Gaw 306, 1032, 1743; Pat 467, 545; WA 945
The instances at Gaw 1032 and 1743 have both sometimes been read as forms of waynen (‘to urge, challenge, bring, send (etc.)’) (see Madden, Morris, GDS, AW and McGillivray at 1032 and Madden and Morris at 1743). Gaw 984 has also been read waynued (TG and Knott 1915: 106) and Gaw 2459 as wayued (GDS and Vant), but most editors read wayned for both. On the sense of the phrase wayuez vp at Gaw 1743 see PSn. Anderson notes (AndPat 454n) that the v. in Pat 545 could potentially be read as either wayued or wayned 'wafted' (see wayne (v.)), if þat is taken as its subject. Similarly wayned at Pat 467 could be read as wayued (see PatAnd 467n.). TPD identify the v. at WA 945 with MED's weiven (v.1), though noting, as MED does, that the same a-verse ('wayues vp a wyndow') occurs elsewhere, incl. at Gaw 1743 (TPD 1069n), which leads MED to raise the possibility that it should instead be taken as an instance of its weiven (v.2). The A MS has the slight variant 'wayues out at wyndou', which Skeat WA explains in his gloss as 'due to thinking of waytes, i.e. looks, in the latter part of the line.'