manslaʒt

n.

'murderer' (Modern English )

Etymology

While the ME n. continues an OE compound manslieht, manslyht, mansliht 'murder', the common occurrence of forms without i-mutation in ME has been attributed to Scandinavian influence (so OED3). Other reflexes of PGmc *slaxt- in NWGmc do not show i-mutation (cp. the same compound OFris mannslachtamonnslachta, MDu manslacht, OS manslahta, OHG manslahtamanslaht; and OIcel sláttr 'mowing, smiting' (< earlier *slaht-)). The vocalism of the OE can thus be interpreted (as OED3 notes) either as resulting from a variant i-stem (so Orel), or perhaps more likely, altered by analogy with i-mutated slieht, slyht etc. 'slaughter, murder'. ON influence on the vocalism is therefore plausible, but an un-mutated native etymon is perhaps more likely. Influence from ME slaʒtir (n.) 'murder', more securely derived from ON (cp. also ME manslatir (n.)), is also possible.

PGmc Ancestor

*slaxt-

Proposed ON Etymon (OIcel representative)

sláttr 'mowing, smiting'
(ONP sláttr (sb.))

Other Scandinavian Reflexes

Far sláttur, Icel sláttur, Norw slått, Dan slæt, Sw slåter, Sw dial slått

OE Cognate

Phonological and morphological markers

Summary category

CCC2a

Attestation

Unmutated forms occur from the early 13c. and are widespread.

Occurrences in the Gersum Corpus

WA 4498

Bibliography