Showing 1 to 50 of 967 lexemes.
| Lexeme | Part of Speech | Modern English Form | Sense | ON Etymon | Summary Category | PGmc Ancestor | Other Scandinavian reflexes | Occurrences | |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| fyskez | v. | fisk | ?‘scampers’ | (2a) fýsa ‘to exhort’ (2b) fýsask ‘to wish’ | D1 | (2) *funsa- | (1) Norw dial fjaska, Sw dial fjäska, fjaska; (2) Far fýsa, Icel fýsa, Norw fŷsa, Dan fyse | Gaw 1704 | View |
| runisch | adj. | runish | ?‘rough, violent’ | (1) hrjónn 'rough'; (3) hrynja ‘to fall to ruin, tumble down; (metaph.) to stream, float (of garments); to stream, pour down (of fluids)’ | DD1c | (1) ?*hrewwa-; (2) *rūnō; (3) *xreun- | (1) Icel hrjón, Norw rjone, rjøne; (3) Icel hrynja, Norw rynja, OSw rynja, Sw dial ryni | Gaw 457, Cl 1545, Erk 52 | View |
| nekard | n. | ?niggard | ?'weakling, mean person' | cp. hnøggr (adj.) | DD2 | ?*xnaww- | Far nøggur, Icel hnøggur, Norw nøgg, Dan nygger, Sw njugg, Sw dial nagg, nägg | WA 1742 | View |
| blunt | v. | ?'stopped' |
(1) blunda 'to have one's eyes shut, doze' | DD2 | (2) *linnan- | (1) Far blunda, Icel blunda, Norw blund(r)a, ODan blunde, Dan blunde, OSw blund(r)a | Pat 272 | View | |
| strothe | n. | strothe | ?'small wood' | (1) storð ‘grass, green stalk’ | D1bc | (1) *sturðō; (2) *strōð- | (1) Icel storð, OSw storþahug | Gaw 1710; Pe 115 | View |
| trayþely | adv. | ?'pitilessly, violently' |
tregða 'unwillingness, reluctance, difficulty' | D1c | ?*treg- | Cl 907, 1137 | View | ||
| trascheʒ | n. | trash | ?'old shoes' |
cp. tros 'droppings, rubbish' | DD1 | *trus- | Norw dial trask; cp. Icel tros, Norw tros, ODan tros, Dan dial tros, Sw tross, Sw dial tråss | Cl 40 | View |
| renyschly | adv. | ?'mysteriously, ?violently' | hrjónn 'rough' | DD1c | ?*hrewwa- |
Icel hrjón, Norw rjone, rjøne | Cl 1724, WA 4931 | View | |
| wawil-eʒid | adj. | ?'having eyes of differing colours' | vagl-eygr 'wall-eyed' | D1c | Icel vagleygur | WA 1706 | View | ||
| wald-eʒed | adj. | ?'having eyes of differing colours' | (1) vald-eygðr ?'wall-eyed' | D1c | ?walþ- | (1) Icel valdeygður | WA 608 | View | |
| scelt | v. | ?'hasten; break out, begin; raise, mock, revile' | cp. skella 'make to slam, clash; strike; scold; burst (out)' | D1c | *skaljan- or *skellan- | cp. Far skella, Icel skella, Norw skjella, Dan skjede, Sw skälla | Cl 827, 1186, 1206 etc.; ; Erk 278 | View | |
| claggid | adj., v. | ?'clogged, crammed' | cp. kleggi 'horsefly' | CC2c | ?*klaij- | ODan klæg, Dan klæg | WA 5429 | View | |
| gro | adj., n. | ?'angry, sorrowful; horror' | (1) grár 'grey; spiteful, malicious' | DD2 | (1) *grēwa- | (1) Far gráur, Icel grár, Norw grå, Dan grå, OSw grā, Sw grå | WA 3228 | View | |
| scautand | adj., v. | ? 'venomous, jutting out' | cp. skjóta 'shoot, push, shove', skota 'shove', skúta 'jut out' | DD1c | ?*skeutan- | WA 4200 | View | ||
| rimed | v. | rime | Reflex., in phrase rimed hym: (1) ‘cleared his throat’; (2) ‘drew himself up’ |
(1b) rymja ‘to roar, cry out with a hoarse voice’ |
DD2 | (1a) and (2) *rūmjan- |
(1a) Dan rømme sig, ODan rym(m)æ, Norw rømme, OSw ryma; (1b) Far rymja, ryma, Icel rymja, OSw rymia |
Gaw 308 |
View |
| snitered | v. | snitter | ?‘came shivering down’ |
(2) cp. snið (n.) ‘slice’ |
DD1c | (2) *snitt- |
(1) Norw dial snitra; (2) Far snið, Icel snið, Norw snid, ODan snid, sned, MSw snidh, Sw dial sned |
Gaw 2003 |
View |
| lake-ryftes | n. | ?'river valleys' |
ript 'withdrawal, breach of contract' |
B2c | *rīfan- |
Norw rift, Dan rift, Sw rift |
Cl 536 |
View | |
| skyg | adj. | ?'particular' |
|
D1c | ?*skewwa- |
cp. Norw dial skegg, Sw dial skegg |
Cl 21 |
View | |
| warþe | n. | warth | ?'ford, shore' |
cp. vað ‘wading place, ford’ |
CC3c | *waruþaz |
Far vað, Icel vað, Norw vad, ODan vad, Dan vad, Sw vad |
Gaw 715 |
View |
| raþeled | v. | rathel | ?'entwined' |
(2) raða ‘to set in order’ |
DD1c | (2) Far raða, Icel raða, Norw rada, Sw rada |
Gaw 2294 |
View | |
| skayued | v. | skayved | (a) ‘wild, desolate’, (b) ‘precipitously overhanging, threatening’, (c) ‘twisted’ |
skeifr ‘askew, oblique’ |
A1 | *skaiba- |
Far skeivur, Icel skeifur, Norw skeiv, ODan skev, Dan skæv, OSw skēver, Sw skev |
Gaw 2167 |
View |
| werle | n. | (1a) ?'circlet, circular ornament'; (1b) 'circle, ring (of hair)'; (2) 'attire, covering' |
hvirfill 'circle, ring, crown of the head' |
D2 | (1a) *xwarƀilaz; (1b) *xwerƀilaz; (2) *was(j)an- |
Far hvir(v)il, Icel hvirfill, Norw kvirvel, kvervil, Dan hvirvel, Sw (h)virvel |
Pe 209 |
View | |
| wylyde | adj. | wild | (1a) ‘wild, i.e. licentious, amorous’, (1b) ‘cruel’ (~ werke ‘cruel act’); (2) ‘choice’ (~ werke ‘choice handiwork’); (3a) ‘guileful’ (~ werke ‘intrigue’), (3b) ‘skilful’ |
(2) vildr (vilðr) ‘chosen, choice, good’; (3) ?vél ‘wile, device, trick’ |
DD2 | (1) *welþja-; (2) *wel-; (3) (1) *wīl-, wīgel- or ?*wihl- |
(2) Icel vildur, ODan vildh, MSw vilder, Sw dial viller; (3) ?Far væl, Icel vél, Norw vēl, MSw väl |
Gaw 2367 |
View |
| draueled | v. | dravel | (1) ‘muttered (in sleep)’; (2) ‘drawled’ |
(1a) drafl (n.) ‘nonsense, foolish talk/conduct’, cp. drafa ‘to mumble, say (something) indistinctly’, |
DD2 | (1) *draƀ-; (1b) *draƀil- or *draƀulō(j)an- |
(1a) Icel drafl, Dan dravel, Sw dravel; Icel drafla, Norw dravla |
Gaw 1750 |
View |
| breth | n. | (1) breath | (1) breath; (2) 'fury' |
(2) bræði 'anger, fury' |
D2 | *brēþa- |
(2) Far bræði, Icel bræði, Norw bræde, OSw bræþe |
Cl 916 |
View |
| blose | n. | (1) ?’rough uncouth person’; (2) 'ugly sight'; (3) and (4) ?’flame’ |
(3) blossi ‘flame’; cp. blys ‘torch’ |
DD2 | (3) *ƀlus- or ƀlūs-; (4) blās- |
(3) Icel blossi, Norw bluss, Dan blus, OSw blus, blos; cp. Icel blys |
Pe 911 |
View | |
| typped | adj., v. | ?tipped | (1) ?'consummate'; (2) 'fallen' |
(1) typpa 'to tip, top', cp. typptr (adj.) 'tipped, laced' |
D2 | (1) Icel typpa, Norw typpa; (2) Sw tippa |
Pat 77 |
View | |
| reget | n., v. | (1) (v.) ‘get again, redeem’, ?(2) (n.) ‘that which is given up’ (3) (*refet) (v.) ‘refresh’ |
(1) geta 'get, engender' |
DD2 | (1) *getan- |
(1) Far gita, Icel geta, Norw gita, gjeta, Dan gide, OSw gita, gæta, Sw gitta, Sw dial gäta |
Pe 1064 |
View | |
| twynnen | v. | twine | (1) (pp.) ‘twined, plaited’ (or pres. pl. 'twine, plait'); (2) (pres. pl.) ‘match’ |
(1) tvinni ‘twine, twisted thread’; (2) tvennr (tvinnr) cp. 'two-fold, twin, in pairs' |
D2 | *twizn- |
(1) Icel tvinni, Dan tvinde, Sw tvinna; (2) Far tvinnur, Icel tvennur, Norw tvinn, tvenne, ODan tvinnæ, tvænnæ, Dan tvende, OSw tvænne, tvinn-, Sw tvenne |
Gaw 191 |
View |
| vnhap (2) | n., v. | unhap | (1) (n.) ‘misfortune’; (2) (v., infin.) ‘to unfasten’ |
(1) óhapp ‘bad fortune’ |
DD2 | (1) *xap(p)-; (2) *haf-, *hasp-, or *haft- |
(1) Far happ, Icel happ, Norw happ, Sw dial happ; (2) Far hefta, Icel hefta, Norw hefta, Dan hefte, Sw häfta |
Gaw 2511 |
View |
| lyte | n., pron. | lite | (1) (n.) ‘expectation’ (i.e. ‘back (in fear) Gaw 1463; on lyte ‘in delay’, Gaw 2303); (2) (a) (pron.) ‘few’ (on lyte droʒen ‘few advanced’, 1463); (b) (n.) ‘fault’ (on lyte ‘at fault, faultily, improperly’) |
(1) hlíta ‘to rely on, trust, abide by’; (2a) lítt (adv.) ‘little’; (2b) lýti ‘fault, flaw, deformity’ |
D2 | (1) *hlītan-; (2a) lūti- or lītilaz; (2b) *leut- |
(1) Far líta, Icel hlíta, Norw lita, Dan lide, OSw lita, Sw lita; (2a) Far lítt, Icel lítt, Dan lidt; (2b) Far lýti, Icel lýti, Norw lyte, Dan lyde, Sw lyte |
Gaw 1463, 2303 |
View |
| heme | adj., n. | (1) heme; (2) hem | (1) (adj.) ‘suitable, neat’; (2) (n.) ‘hem, skirt’ |
(1) cp. heimolliga, heimulliga (later heimugliga) ‘privately, intimately; duly, with full title to possession’ |
DD2 | (1) *xaimaz; (2) *xam(m)- |
(1) cp. Icel heimileg(u)r, Norw heimeleg, Dan hemmelig, Sw heimlig |
Gaw 157 |
View |
| scholes | adj., n. | (1) shoeless; (2) soles | (1) (adj.) ‘shoeless’; (2) (n. pl.) ‘shoes with long pointed toes’; (3) (n. pl.) ‘thin plates (part of the horse’s armour)’; (4) (n. pl.) ‘protections under and inside the thighs’; (5) (n. pl.) ‘supports covering the sole of the foot’. |
(1) skólauss 'shoeless'; (4) skál ‘bowl, hollow; scales’ |
DD2 | (1) *skōhaz; (3) *skullōn; (4) *skēl- |
(1) Far skógvur, Icel skór, Norw sko, Dan sko, Sw sko; (3) Sw skolla; (4) Far skál, Icel skál, Norw skål, Dan skål, Sw skål |
Gaw 160 |
View |
| spenne-fote | adv. | spen-foot | (1) (a) ?‘with feet apart’; (b) ‘with feet together’; (2) ‘striking out with the feet’; (3) ‘as if taking a spring with a kick’; (4) ‘quickly’ |
(1) spenna (v.) ‘to span, clasp’; (3) spenna (v.) ‘(to jump) as if taking a spring with a kick’ (cp. sperna (v.) ‘to spurn, kick with the feet’); (4) spenna ‘to spend, enjoy’ |
D2 | (1) *span(n)-; (2) *spennan-; (4) *spendan- |
(1) Far spenna, Icel spenna, Norw spenna, Dan spænde, Sw spänna; (3) Far spenna, Norw spenna, Dan spænde, Sw dial spänna; (4) Icel spenna |
Gaw 2316 |
View |
| slokes | n., v. | slock | (1) (a) (v., imp. pl.) ‘stop, enough!’, (b) (v., pres. 2 sg.) ‘you are dawdling’, (c) (n., pl.) ‘stops’ (bot ~, ‘without stops, continuously’); (2) (v., pres. 2 sg.) ‘thou remainest idle, inactive’. |
(1) slokinn ‘slaked, extinguished’; (2a) sloka ‘to slop’; (2b) slókr ‘a slouching fellow’ |
D2 | (1) *sluk- ; (2a) *sluk-; (2b) *slōk- (cp. *slaka-) |
(1) Icel slokinn, OSw slukin; (2a) Icel sloka; (2b) Icel slókur, Norw slōk, Sw slok, Jutland slog; cp. (v.) Norw dial slōka, Sw sloka |
Gaw 412 |
View |
| neme | v. | (1) nim; (2) nemn | (1) (a) ‘took’ (pret. pl.), (b) ‘take’ (pres. pl.); (2) ‘name’ (pres. pl.; neme for, ‘name as’) |
(1) nema ‘to take’ |
DD2 | (1) *neman-; (2) *namnjan- |
(1) Far nema, Icel nema, Norw nema, ODan nimmæ, Dan nemme, OSw næma, nima, Sw dial nimma |
Gaw 1347 |
View |
| knot | n. | knot | (1) (a) ‘knot, cluster’, (b) (*kerre) ‘thicket on marshy ground’; (2) ‘rocky (wooded) knoll’. |
(1b) kjarr 'copsewood, brushwood’; (2b) knǫttr ‘ball’ |
DD2 | (1a) *knuttan-; (1b) *kerza; (2a) *knuttan-(2b) *knatt- |
(1b) Far (name element) kjarr, Icel kjarr, Norw kjarr, kjerr, Dan kær, Sw kärr |
Gaw 1431, 1434 |
View |
| toruayle | n. | (1) (trauayle) ‘hard task’; (2) (toruayle) ‘hard task’, ‘difficulty’. |
(2) torveldi (fem. or neut.) ‘a difficulty’ |
DD2 | (2) *tor- + *waldi- |
(2) Far tor-, Icel tor-, Norw tor-, Sw dial tor- |
Gaw 1540 |
View | |
| laucyng | n., v. | (1) lance; (2) loosing | (1) (forlancyng) ‘throwing out’ (pres. ptcp.); (2) (laucyng) ‘loosening’ (vbl. n.) |
(2) lauss (adj.) ‘loose, free (etc.)’ |
D2 | (2) *lausa- |
(2) Far leysur, Icel laus, Norw laus, Dan løs, Sw lös |
Gaw 1334 |
View |
| list | n. | list | (1) (*list vpon lif) ‘joy’; (2) ‘the ear, hearing’ |
(1) lyst ‘lust, desire’, lysta v. 'one desires, wishes (impers.)'
|
DD2 | (1) *lust-i- or *lustjan-; (2) *hlusti- |
(1) Far lyst, Icel lyst, Norw lyst, Dan lyst, MSw lyst, lust, Sw lust; Far lysta, Icel lysta, Norw lysta, Dan lyste, Sw lysta |
Gaw 1719 |
View |
| *sparred | v. | (1) spar; (2) speed | (1) (*sparred) ‘sprang’; (2) (*sped(e) (him)) ‘hastened’ |
(1a) sparra 'to stretch out (the legs)’, sperrask ‘to struggle (by putting the feet out)’; (1b) sparra ‘to raise the spars in a house; to stretch out the legs like rafters’, sperrask ‘to struggle by putting the feet out like spars’ |
DD2 | (1a) *sparrjan-; (1b) *sparr-; (2) *spōdi- |
(1a) Far sperra, Icel sperra, Norw sperra, Dan spærre, Sw spärra |
Gaw 1444 |
View |
| schifted | v. | (1) shift; (2) shaft | (1) (*schifted) ‘shifted, declined’; (2) (MS schafted) (a) ‘beamed, shone forth’, (b) ‘set’ |
(1) skifta, skipta ''to order, arrange' |
DD2 | (1) *skiptian- or *skipatjan-; (2) *skaft- |
(1) Far skifta, Icel skipta, skifta, Norw skifta, ODan skiftæ, Dan skifte, Sw skifta |
Gaw 1467 |
View |
| *þwarte-knot | n. | (1) thwart; (2) thwarl | (1) (*þwarte-knot) ‘cross knot’; (2) (þwarle knot) ‘tight knot’, ‘intricate knot’, ‘twirled knot’ |
(1) þverr ‘athwart, across, transverse’ |
DD2 | (1) *þwerxwaz; (2b) *þwer- or *þwar-; (2c) *xwerƀan- |
(1) Far tvørur, Icel þver, Norw tver, ODan thwær, Dan tvær, OS þvær, þvar |
Gaw 194 |
View |
| forʒ | n. | (1) force; (2) furrow | (1) ‘waterfall’; (2) ‘channel, bed’ |
(1) fors ‘waterfall; cascade of water, giant wave; rushing water course, turbulent stream’ |
DD2 | (1) *fursa-; (2) *furxō |
(1) Far forsur, Icel fors, foss, Norw fors, foss, Dan fors, fos, Sw fors |
Gaw 2173 |
View |
| rout | n. | rout | (1) ‘violent movement, jerk’; (2) ‘roar’ |
(1) hrjóta ‘to rebound, fall, fly, be flung’; (2) rauta ‘to roar’ |
DD2 | (1) *xreut- or *xrūt-; (2) *raut- |
(1) Far róta, Icel hrjóta, Norw ryta, rjota, OSw riuta; (2) Icel rauta, Norw rauta, OSw röta, Sw dial röta, routa |
Gaw 457 |
View |
| quethe | n. | (1) queath | (1) ‘utterance’; (2) ‘advance’ |
kviðr ‘saw, saying, speech, word’; kvæði ‘poem, song’ |
CCC1 | (1) *kweþ-; (2) *kwak- |
(1) Far kvæði, Icel kviður, kvæði, Norw kvæde, ODan kvæde, Sw kväde |
Gaw 1150 |
View |
| daylyeden | v. | dally | (1) ‘trifle, make (courtly) love; converse, contend, dispute’; (2) ‘bandy pleasantries’ |
(2) deila ‘to divide, apportion’ (etc.); ‘to contend, quarrel’ |
DD2 | (2) *dail- |
(2) Far deila, Icel deila, Norw deila, Sw dela |
Gaw 1114; Pe 313 |
View |
| weue | v. | (1) ‘to go, pass, move to and fro; surge, swing; bring; offer, show (honour); give’; (2) ‘to weave, i.e. contrive’ |
(1) cp. veifa ‘to wave, vibrate, pull (trans.)’ |
D2 | (1) *waiƀjan-; (2) *weƀan- |
(1) Icel veifa, Norw veiva, Sw veva |
Gaw 1976 2359; Pe 318, 976; Cl 422, 453, 857 |
View | |
| clambere | v. | clamber | (1) ‘to cluster’; (2) ‘to clamber’ |
(1) klambra ‘to clamp or pinch together’ |
DD2 | *klamb-r- |
(1) Far klombra, Icel klambra, Norw klemb(r)a |
Gaw 801, 1722 |
View |
| messequyle | n. | (1) mass; (2) mess | (1) ‘time for mass’; (2) ‘dinner time’ |
(1) messa 'mass' |
DD2 | (1) Far messa, Icel messa, Norw messa, messe, Dan messe, Sw messa |
Gaw 1097 |
View |