v. (pp.)
‘grazed’
(Modern English )Two valid alternative readings of skayned at Gaw 2167 have been proposed (‘Þe skwez of þe scowtes skayned hym þoʒt’) depending on whether the minims in the middle of the word are read as <n> or <u> (and the interpretation of skwez), and both produce a derivation from ON of type A1 (guaranteed in both cases by two phonological tests): (1) Most editors and commentators (inc. TG, Sisam, GDS (see 2167n), TGD, AW, Vant, PS and MED) follow Madden in reading <skayned> and identifying it with the ON v. represented by OIcel skeina ‘to scratch, wound slightly’ (wk. 1; cp. the n. skeina ‘a scratch, slight wound’ and various compounds); cp. OE scǣnan ‘to break, wrench open, shatter’, OFris skēnia, OHG irsceinen ‘to break’, supposing a PGmc *skainjan-. For the alternative reading, see skayued (v.).
PGmc Ancestor
*skainjan-
Proposed ON Etymon (OIcel representative)
skeina ‘to scratch, wound slightly’
(ONP skeina (vb.))
Other Scandinavian Reflexes
Far skeina, Icel skeina, Norw skeina, skjene, Sw dial skäin'
OE Cognate
cp. scǣnan ‘to break, wrench open, shatter’
Phonological and morphological markers
[ON /ei/ < PGmc */ai/] (may not be applicable)
[absence of palatalization of */sk/] (may not be applicable)
Summary category
A1
MED records skainen only at Gaw 2167; but perh. cp. EDD s.v. skane v., ‘to cut shell-fish out of the shell’ (Yks. only), which Thorson 44–5 s.v. skane (followed by de Vries) derives from the same ON etymon.
Occurrences in the Gersum Corpus
Gaw 2167
The word at Gaw 2167 can be plausibly read in the MS as either <skayned> (Madden, followed by subsequent editors) or <skayued> (Morris); see further etymological discussion and skayued (v.).