Showing 651 to 700 of 967 lexemes.

Lexeme Part of Speech Modern English Form Sense ON Etymon Summary Category PGmc Ancestor Other Scandinavian reflexes Occurrences  
þrynne adj. thrin, thrinne

'three(fold)'

þrennr ‘triple, threefold’

 B1c

*þrizna-

Far trinnur, Icel þrennur, Norw trinn, ODan thrænnæ, Dan trende, OSw þrænni, þrinni, Sw trenne

Gaw 1868; Cl 606, 645, 1727

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vnþryfte n. unthrift

'wickedness, folly'

þrift (n.)(fem.) 'thrift', cp. þrif (n.)(neut.) 'thriving condition, prosperity'

 B1

*þrīfan- or *þrift-

Icel þrift, Norw trîvst; cp. Icel þrif, Norw triv

Cl 516, 1728

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vnþryftyly adv. unthriftily

'wantonly'

þrift (n.)(fem.) 'thrift', cp. þrif (n.)(neut.) 'thriving condition, prosperity'

 B1

*þrīfan- or *þrift-

Icel þrift, Norw trîvst; cp. Icel þrif, Norw triv

Cl 267

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þryftyly adv. thriftily

'with propriety'

þrift (n.)(fem.) 'thrift', cp. þrif (n.)(neut.) 'thriving condition, prosperity'

 B1

*þrīfan- or *þrift-

Icel þrift, Norw trîvst; cp. Icel þrif, Norw triv

Cl 635

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þrange adj., adv.

'oppressively, closely'

þrǫngr 'close, tight'

 CC1c

*þrangwa-

Far. trongur, Icel. þröngur, Norw trong, Sw. trång, Dan. trang

Pe 17

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ouerþwert adj., adv., prep. overthwart

'through (a line of), crosswise, horizontal, across'

þverr ‘athwart, across, transverse’

 A3*b

*þwerxwa-

Far tvørur, Icel þver, Norw tver, ODan thwær, Dan tvær, OSw þvær, þvar, Sw tvär

Gaw 1438; Cl 316, 1384

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rekils v. rickle

'clatters'

*hrika or *hrikja 'creek'

 D1

?*xrik-

cp. Far ríkja, Icel hrikkja, hrikta, Norw rikta, riksa, Sw dial rêk

WA 566

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scaþel adj.

'dangerous'

*skǫðull, cp. skaði (n.) 'harm, damage'

 A1*c

*skaþula-

Pat 155; WA 2992, 4802

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vnskathely adj., n.

'spiritually unharmed, the pure'

*skǫðull, cp. skaði (n.) 'harm, damage'

 A1*c

*skaþula-

Erk 278

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ande n.

'breath'

andi 'breath, breathing, spirit'

 C3

*anđon

Far andi, Icel andi, Norw ande, Dan ånde, OSw ande, Sw ande, anda

WA 749, 4000, 4813

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askez n. ash

'ashes'

aska ‘ashes’

 CC2

*askōn

Far øska, Icel aska, Norw oske, Dan aske, ask, Sw aska

Gaw 2; Cl 626, 736, 1010 etc.; Pat 380; WA 4180

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bale (3) n.

'blaze, fire'

bál ‘fire, funeral pyre, blaze’

 A1*c

ƀēlan

Far bál, Icel bál, Norw bål, Dan bål, Sw bål

WA 562, 2231, 2658

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bawelyne n. bowline

'bowline'

bóglína

 CCC3c

*ƀōg-

Cl 417; Pat 104

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bounet adj., v.

'prepare, place, present'

búinn ‘ready, prepared, finished, willing, favourably disposed (towards sth.)’

 C3c

*bō(w)an or *bū(w)an-

Cl 1398; WA 218, 768, 1116 etc.

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vnbene adj. unbene

‘inhospitable, dreary’

beinn 'straight, direct; hospitable, helpful, accommodating'

 DD1c

(1)*baina-; (3) *bōni-

Far beinur, Icel beinn, Norw bein

Gaw 710

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berʒ n. barrow

'mound'

berg, bjarg (neut.) ‘hill, cliff, prominence in the landscape, crag, cliff-face; boulder, rock; (as material) rock, stone, rocky ground, foundation of rock’

 CCC5a

*ƀerʒa-

Far berg, bjarg, bjørg, Icel berg, bjarg, Norw berg, björg, ODan bjærg, Dan bjerg, OSw biärgh, Sw berg

Gaw 2172, 2178 

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bekyr n. beaker

'beaker, (large) cup'

bikarr 'beaker'

 B2c


 

Far bikar, Icel bikar, Norw bikar, OSw bikar(e)

Cl 1474

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bit n. bit

‘blade, cutting edge’

bit ‘biting, bit, wound after a bite, (insect) bite; grazing, pasture; (of a weapon) ability to bite/cut, sharpness’

 CC3

 *ƀīt-

Far bit, Icel bit, Norw bit, ODan bid, Dan bid, Sw bett

Gaw 212, 426, 2224 etc.

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blo adj. blae

‘dark, dusky, livid, grey’

blár ‘blue, blue-black, black’

 A1*

*ƀlēwa-

Far bláur, Icel blár, Norw blå, Dan blå, Sw blå

Pe 83, 875; Cl 1017; Pat 134, 138, 221; Erk 290; WA 559

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blyþe n.

'mercy'

blíða 'gentleness, kindness, friendliness'

 CC1c

*ƀlīþ-

Pe 354

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blom n. bloom

'flower, bloom; perfection'

blómi (m.), blóm (neut.) ‘flower, flowing plant’

 C3ac

*ƀlom-

Far blómi, Icel blómi, Norw blome, Dan blomme, Sw blomma; Far blóma (f.), Icel blóm, Norw blom

Pe 27, 578; Cl 1042, 1467

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blayke adj.

‘yellow’

bleikr ‘pale, wan, ?bleached’

 A1*

*ƀlaika-

Far bleikur, Icel bleikur, Norw bleik, Dan bleg, Sw blek, Shetl bleg

Pe 27

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blenk v. blenk

'to look; gleam'

blekkja ‘to deceive, betray, seduce’; cp. blakkr (adj.) ‘pale, dark’ 

 CC2c

*ƀlankjan-

Icel blekkja, Norw blekkja

Gaw 799, 2315; WA 5607

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blunt adj. blunt

'stunned'
 

blunda (v.) 'to have one's eyes shut, doze'

 DD1

Far blunda, Icel blunda, Norw blund(r)a, ODan blunde, Dan blunde, OSw blund(r)a

Pe 176

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broþely adj.

'wild, vile'

bráðr ‘immediate, sudden, harsh, fierce, rash'; cp. bráðligr 'immediate, sudden, violent'

 A1c

*brēða- or *brēþa-

Far bráður, Icel bráður, Norw bråd, Dan brad, Sw bråd

Cl 848, 1030

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brathþe n.

‘violence, impetuosity; agony, violent grief’

bráðr ‘immediate, quick; sudden, violent, harsh, fierce; rash, impetuous, impatient’

 A1c

*ƀrēþa-

cp. Far bráður, Icel bráður, Norw bråd, Dan brad, Sw dial brå(d)

Pe 346, *1170; Cl 916; WA 1220, 1744, 1956 etc. 

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broþely adv.

'suddenly; fiercely, wretchedly; violently'

bráðr ‘immediate, sudden, harsh, fierce, rash'; cp. bráðliga 'immediately, suddenly'

 A1c

*brēða- or *brēþa-

Far bráður, Icel bráður, Nor bråd, Dan brad, Sw bråd

Gaw 2377; Cl 1030, 1256; Pat 474; WA 1214, 2211

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broþe adj.

'angry, fierce, grim'

bráðr ‘immediate, sudden, harsh, fierce, rash'

 A1c

*brēða- or *brēþa-

Far bráður, Icel bráður, Norw bråd, Dan brad, Sw bråd

Gaw 1909, 2233; Cl 149, 1409

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forbrent v.

'burned up'

brenna 'to burn (intrans. and trans.)'

 C2ac

*ƀrennan- or *ƀrannjan-

Far brenna, Icel brenna, Norw brenna, Dan brænde, Sw brinna; Far brenna, Icel brenna, Norw brenna, ODan brænnæ, Dan brænde, OSw bränna, Sw bränna

Pe 1139

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vnbrosten adj.

'unbroken'

bresta ‘to crack, crash; snap, break, be split open; give way, break loose (etc.)’.

 C2ac

*brestan-

Far bresta, Icel bresta, Norw bresta, Dan briste, Sw brista

Cl 365

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brestes v. burst

'break; burst'

bresta ‘to crack, crash; snap, break, be split open; give way, break loose (etc.)’

 C2

*brestan-

Far bresta, Icel bresta, Norw bresta, Dan briste, Sw brista

Gaw 1166; Cl 1263, 1783; Pat 148; WA 510, 728*, 789, etc.

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bulk n. bulk

'hold (of a ship)'

bulki 'cargo that is secured (amidships)'

 B1


 

Icel búlki, Norw bulk, bolk, Dan bulk, Sw bulk

Pat 292

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bygly adj. bigly

 ‘inhabitable, pleasant’

byggiligr 'habitable'

 A1*bc

*ƀewwjan- or *ƀuwwjan-

Pe 963

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bigly adv. bigly

‘mightily, strongly, firmly’

byggva (byggja) 'to settle, inhabit'

 D1c

(1)*big-; (2) *bug- or *bugg-

(1) Far byggja, Icel byggja, Norw byggja, Dan bygge, Sw bygga; (2) Norw dial bugge, bugga

Gaw 1141, 1162, 1584; Pat 321; WA 423, 1138, 1371

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derþe n. dearth

‘splendour’

dýrð ‘glory, splendour’

 CC1c

*deuriþ-

Far dýrd, Icel dýrð, Sw dyrd

Pe 99

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derf adj.

‘bold, audacious, doughty, stout; great, astonishing; grievous, severe’

djarfr ‘courageous, aggressive, dauntless; heedless, impudent’ 

 C1ac

*derƀ- 

Far djarvur, Icel djarfur, Norw djerv, Dan djerv, Sw djärv

Gaw 558, 564, 1000, etc.; Cl 862; Pat 166; Erk 99; WA 1024, 1211, 1811, etc.

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dryftes n. drift

'(snow)drifts'

drift ‘driven snow; snowdrift; pollen; dust, ashes’

 CC1a

*driƀ-

Far drift, Icel drift, Norw drift, Dan drift

Gaw 2005

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dreʒ adv. dree, dreigh

'forcibly'

drjúgr 'abundant, sufficient, lasting; supportive staunch, persistent (etc.)'

 CC3ac

*dreug-

Far dr(j)úgvur, Icel drjúgur, Norw drjug, Sw dryg

Gaw 2263

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dylle adj. dull

‘slow’

dul, dulr (n.) ‘delusion, concealment, disguise’; cp. dylja (v.) ‘to keep in ignorance, conceal’, údulðr ‘not unaware, knowing’

 CCC5c

*dulj-

Far duli, dulur, Icel dul, Norw dul, OSw dul

Pe 680

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dumpe v.

'plunge'

dumpa 'hit heavily, thump'

 B2c

?*demp-

Far dump, Icel dumpa, Norw dumpa, Dan dumpe

Pat 362; WA 4487

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*fere n.

(1) 'fortune, rank, dignity'; (2) 'company'

færi 'capacity, ability, means, possibility'

 DD2

?*fōr-i-

(1) Far føri, Icel færi, Norw føre, Dan føre, Sw fōre

Pe 616

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felaʒschyp n. fellowship

‘love of fellow men; company; couple’

félagi ‘partner, shareholder, fellow, comrade; partner, consort’

 C4

*fexu + *lag- + *skapi-z

Far felag, felagi, Icel félag, Norw felag, ODan felge, Dan fællig, fælle, OSw fælagh

Gaw 652, 2151; Cl 271, 1764

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fele v. feal

'hide'

fela 'hide, conceal; entrust'

 C3c

*felxan-

Far fjala, Icel fela, ODan fiælæ, fialæ, OSw fiæla, fiala, Sw dial fjäla

Cl 914

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felle n. fell

'fell, precipitous rock'

fjall, fell ‘mountain’

 A1bc

*felz-

Far fjall, Icel fjall, Norw fjell, Dan fjeld, fjæld, Sw fjäll

Gaw 723; WA 1211, 4046

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flat n. flat

'plain'

flatr ‘flat, level’

 C1bc

*flat- 

Far flatur, Icel flatur, Norw flat, Dan flad, Sw flat; Icel flötur; Far fløta, Icel flöt, Norw flot, flote

Gaw 507, *Pe 127

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flot n.

'scum'

flot 'floating, being afloat; lard, dripping'

 CC3c

*flutan

Far flot, Icel flot, Norw flot, Dan flod, flåd, Sw flott

Cl 1011

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fnast v. fnast

‘snorted, panted’

fnasa 'to sneeze, snort, snort in rage'

 CCC3c

*fnēst-

Icel fnasa, fnása, Dan fnase

Gaw 1587, 1702 

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forlondez n. foreland

‘forelands, promontories’/‘low-lying lands’

forlendi ‘the land between the hills and sea’

 CC3

*fur(a) + *lanðan 

Gaw 699

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freles adj.

‘flawless’

frýjulauss 'blameless'

 DD1c

Pe 431

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fryst v. frist

'hold back'

fresta 'defer, put up with; delay, tarry'

 CC2ac

*frest- 

Icel fresta

Cl 743

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Word
Etymology