Showing 201 to 250 of 967 lexemes.

Lexeme Part of Speech Modern English Form Sense ON Etymon Summary Category PGmc Ancestor Other Scandinavian reflexes Occurrences  
fele v. feal

'hide'

fela 'hide, conceal; entrust'

 C3c

*felxan-

Far fjala, Icel fela, ODan fiælæ, fialæ, OSw fiæla, fiala, Sw dial fjäla

Cl 914

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festnen v. fasten

'make firm, bind'

cp. fastna ‘to pledge’

 CC2c

*fastinō(j)an-

Gaw 1783; Cl 156, 327, 1255; Pat 273

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dylle adj. dull

‘slow’

dul, dulr (n.) ‘delusion, concealment, disguise’; cp. dylja (v.) ‘to keep in ignorance, conceal’, údulðr ‘not unaware, knowing’

 CCC5c

*dulj-

Far duli, dulur, Icel dul, Norw dul, OSw dul

Pe 680

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dryftes n. drift

'(snow)drifts'

drift ‘driven snow; snowdrift; pollen; dust, ashes’

 CC1a

*driƀ-

Far drift, Icel drift, Norw drift, Dan drift

Gaw 2005

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dreʒ adv. dree, dreigh

'forcibly'

drjúgr 'abundant, sufficient, lasting; supportive staunch, persistent (etc.)'

 CC3ac

*dreug-

Far dr(j)úgvur, Icel drjúgur, Norw drjug, Sw dryg

Gaw 2263

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derþe n. dearth

‘splendour’

dýrð ‘glory, splendour’

 CC1c

*deuriþ-

Far dýrd, Icel dýrð, Sw dyrd

Pe 99

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derf adj.

‘bold, audacious, doughty, stout; great, astonishing; grievous, severe’

djarfr ‘courageous, aggressive, dauntless; heedless, impudent’ 

 C1ac

*derƀ- 

Far djarvur, Icel djarfur, Norw djerv, Dan djerv, Sw djärv

Gaw 558, 564, 1000, etc.; Cl 862; Pat 166; Erk 99; WA 1024, 1211, 1811, etc.

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breth n. (1) breath

(1) breath; (2) 'fury'

(2) bræði 'anger, fury'

 D2

*brēþa-

(2) Far bræði, Icel bræði, Norw bræde, OSw bræþe

Cl 916

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broþely adj.

'wild, vile'

bráðr ‘immediate, sudden, harsh, fierce, rash'; cp. bráðligr 'immediate, sudden, violent'

 A1c

*brēða- or *brēþa-

Far bráður, Icel bráður, Norw bråd, Dan brad, Sw bråd

Cl 848, 1030

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brestes v. burst

'break; burst'

bresta ‘to crack, crash; snap, break, be split open; give way, break loose (etc.)’

 C2

*brestan-

Far bresta, Icel bresta, Norw bresta, Dan briste, Sw brista

Gaw 1166; Cl 1263, 1783; Pat 148; WA 510, 728*, 789, etc.

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vnbrosten adj.

'unbroken'

bresta ‘to crack, crash; snap, break, be split open; give way, break loose (etc.)’.

 C2ac

*brestan-

Far bresta, Icel bresta, Norw bresta, Dan briste, Sw brista

Cl 365

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bounet adj., v.

'prepare, place, present'

búinn ‘ready, prepared, finished, willing, favourably disposed (towards sth.)’

 C3c

*bō(w)an or *bū(w)an-

Cl 1398; WA 218, 768, 1116 etc.

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*aucly adj., n.

'amiss, blemish'

ǫfugr 'backwards, turned the wrong way'

 D1ac

*aƀug-

Far øvugur, øvigur, Icel öfugur, Norw ovug, avug, Dan avet, Sw avig, avog

Cl 795

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askez n. ash

'ashes'

aska ‘ashes’

 CC2

*askōn

Far øska, Icel aska, Norw oske, Dan aske, ask, Sw aska

Gaw 2; Cl 626, 736, 1010 etc.; Pat 380; WA 4180

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ande n.

'breath'

andi 'breath, breathing, spirit'

 C3

*anđon

Far andi, Icel andi, Norw ande, Dan ånde, OSw ande, Sw ande, anda

WA 749, 4000, 4813

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areþede n. ere

'people of old times' (always in phrase in ~)

ár (adv) 'early'

 CC1c

*air-

Far ári, Icel ár, Norw år

Pe 711
 

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atlyng n. ettling

'intention'

ætla 'to think, intend'

 A1*c

*ahtilō(j)an-

Far ætla, Icel ætla, Norw etla, atla, Sw dial ättla, ässla

Cl 688

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berʒ n. barrow

'mound'

berg, bjarg (neut.) ‘hill, cliff, prominence in the landscape, crag, cliff-face; boulder, rock; (as material) rock, stone, rocky ground, foundation of rock’

 CCC5a

*ƀerʒa-

Far berg, bjarg, bjørg, Icel berg, bjarg, Norw berg, björg, ODan bjærg, Dan bjerg, OSw biärgh, Sw berg

Gaw 2172, 2178 

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vnlyke adj. unlike

'unlike, different'

líkr ‘like, alike’

 CCC2c

*(ga)līka-

Far líkur, Icel líkur, Norw lik, Dan lig, Sw lik

Gaw 950

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vnþryvandely adv.

'poorly, improperly, unsuitably'

þrífa-sk ‘to thrive’

 B1c

*þrīfan-

Far tríva, trívast, Icel þrífa, þrívast, Norw triva, Dan trives, MSw thrive

Cl 135

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þryuande adj., n. thriving

‘abundant, hearty, worthy’

þrífa-sk ‘to thrive’

 B1c

*þrīfan-

Far tríva, trívast, Icel þrífa, þrívast, Norw triva, Dan trives, MSw thriva

Gaw 1980; Cl 751

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vnþryuande adj. unthriving

‘unworthy, ignoble’

þrífa-sk ‘to thrive’

 B1c

*þrīfan-

Far tríva, trívast, Icel þrífa, þrívast, Norw triva, Dan trives, MSw thriva

Gaw 1499

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vnþryfte n. unthrift

'wickedness, folly'

þrift (n.)(fem.) 'thrift', cp. þrif (n.)(neut.) 'thriving condition, prosperity'

 B1

*þrīfan- or *þrift-

Icel þrift, Norw trîvst; cp. Icel þrif, Norw triv

Cl 516, 1728

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vnþryftyly adv. unthriftily

'wantonly'

þrift (n.)(fem.) 'thrift', cp. þrif (n.)(neut.) 'thriving condition, prosperity'

 B1

*þrīfan- or *þrift-

Icel þrift, Norw trîvst; cp. Icel þrif, Norw triv

Cl 267

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þryftyly adv. thriftily

'with propriety'

þrift (n.)(fem.) 'thrift', cp. þrif (n.)(neut.) 'thriving condition, prosperity'

 B1

*þrīfan- or *þrift-

Icel þrift, Norw trîvst; cp. Icel þrif, Norw triv

Cl 635

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þrynne adj. thrin, thrinne

'three(fold)'

þrennr ‘triple, threefold’

 B1c

*þrizna-

Far trinnur, Icel þrennur, Norw trinn, ODan thrænnæ, Dan trende, OSw þrænni, þrinni, Sw trenne

Gaw 1868; Cl 606, 645, 1727

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threnen adj.

'three-fold'

cp. þrennr 'three-fold'

 CCC2c

*þrizna- or þrixna-

Far trinnur, Icel þrennur, Norw trinn, ODan thrænnæ, Dan trende, OSw þrænni, þrinni, Sw trenne

Erk 210

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þrete v.

'to wrangle'

þræt(t)a 'to wrangle'

 CC3

*þranxtjan-, or *þraut-

Far træta, Icel þræta, þrætta, Norw trætta, ODan thrættæ, Dan trætta, OSw þræ(t)a, Sw träta

Pe 561

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þrange adj., adv.

'oppressively, closely'

þrǫngr 'close, tight'

 CC1c

*þrangwa-

Far. trongur, Icel. þröngur, Norw trong, Sw. trång, Dan. trang

Pe 17

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þarnes v.

'lack, be wanting, lose'

þarfna, þarna 'need, want'

 CC1c

*þarƀ-

Far tarna, Icel þarfna, Norw tarna

WA 2709,2859, 3071, etc.

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bit n. bit

‘blade, cutting edge’

bit ‘biting, bit, wound after a bite, (insect) bite; grazing, pasture; (of a weapon) ability to bite/cut, sharpness’

 CC3

 *ƀīt-

Far bit, Icel bit, Norw bit, ODan bid, Dan bid, Sw bett

Gaw 212, 426, 2224 etc.

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lyste n.

'desire, joy'

lyst ‘lust, desire’, lysta v. 'one desires, wishes (impers.)'

 CC2

 *lust-i- or *lustjan-

Far lyst, Icel lyst, Norw lyst, Dan lyst, MSw lyst, lust, Sw lust; Far lysta, Icel lysta, Norw lysta, Dan lyste, Sw lysta

?Gaw 1719; Pe 173, 467, 908; Cl 843

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sware v.

'to answer'

svara ‘to reply, answer’

 CC1c

 *-swarōjan-

Far svara, Icel svara, Norw svara, Dan svare, Sw svara

Gaw 1108, 1756, 1793 etc.; Pe 240; Cl 1415; WA 674, 750, 1621 etc.

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callyng n. calling

'summons'

kalla (v.) ‘to call, cry, shout; send for; say; claim; name’

 C1a


*kall- or *kalz-

Far kalla, Icel kalla, Norw kalla, Dan kalde, Sw kalla

Cl 1362

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golf n.

(1) 'deep pool of water'; (2) 'a space underground (as source of a stream)'

(2) golf 'floor, room, compartment'

 DD2


 

Far gólv, Icel gólf, Norw dial golv, Dan gulv, Sw golv

Pe 608

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bekyr n. beaker

'beaker, (large) cup'

bikarr 'beaker'

 B2c


 

Far bikar, Icel bikar, Norw bikar, OSw bikar(e)

Cl 1474

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spakly adv.

'readily, willingly, quickly'

spakr (adj.) 'gentle, wise', cp. spakliga (adv.) 'peaceably, wisely'

 B1


 

Far spakur, Icel spakur, Norw spak, ODan spak, Dan spag, OSw skaper, Sw spak; cp. MSw spaklika, Sw spakliga

Cl 755; Pat 338; Erk 335; WA 786, 2975

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bulk n. bulk

'hold (of a ship)'

bulki 'cargo that is secured (amidships)'

 B1


 

Icel búlki, Norw bulk, bolk, Dan bulk, Sw bulk

Pat 292

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hundreth adj., n., num. hundred

'hundred'

hundrað ' hundred (normally the so-called ‘long’ hundred, i.e. ‘a hundred and twenty’)'

 A1*c

*xunða-raðan- 

Far hundrað, Icel hundrað, Norw hundrad, ODan hundrath, Dan hundred, Sw hundra

Gaw 743, 1144, 1543 etc.; Pe 869, 1107; Cl 315, 426, 442; WA 66, 94, 805* etc.

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rad adj. rad

'afraid'

hræddr ‘afraid, frightened, timid’

 B1c

*xrēðjan- or *xrēþjan-

Far ræða, Icel hræða, Norw ræda, Dan dial ræde, OSw ræþe, Sw dial rädda

Gaw 251; Cl 1543; WA 1040, 2510

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vnhap (1) n.

'mishap, misfortune, disaster'

happ ‘good luck, chance’; cp. óhapp ‘bad fortune’

 C1

*xap(p)- 

Far happ, Icel happ, Norw happ, Sw dial happ

Gaw 438; Cl 143, 892, 1150; WA 3287, 4554

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hemely adv.

‘suitably, neatly’

heimolliga, heimulliga (later heimugliga) ‘privately, intimately; duly, with full title to possession’

 CCC1a

*xaimaz

cp. Icel heimileg(u)r, Norw heimeleg, Dan hemmelig, Sw heimlig

Gaw 1852

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haylse v.

'to greet'

heilsa ‘to greet’ 

 A1*c

*xail(e)sō(j)an-

Far heilsa, Icel heilsa, Norw helsa, Dan hilse, Sw hälsa

Gaw 223, 810, 829 etc.; Pe 238; Cl 612, 814; WA 1622, 4929

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wro n. wro

'nook, corner, seculed place, passage'

rá, ‘corner, nook’

 A1bc

*wranxō

Far vrá, Icel rá, Norw ro, Dan vrå, Sw vrå

Gaw 2222; Pe 866; WA 1585, 4190 

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layt v. lait

'to seek, search, wish to know'

leita ‘to seek, search’ 

 A1*c

*wlaitō(j)an-

Far leita, Icel leita, Norw leita, Dan lede, Sw lete

Gaw 355, 411, 449; Cl 97, 1768; Pat 180, 201, 277; Erk 155; WA 152, 372, 2341 etc.

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waykned adv.

'was enfeebled'

veikr (veykr) (adj.) ‘weak’ 

 A1*c

*weik(w)a-

Far veikur, Icel veikur, Norw veik, Dan veg, Sw vek; Norw dial veikna, OSw vikna, MSw vekna, Sw vekna

Cl 1422

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titely adv.

'quickly'

tíðr (adj.) ‘frequent, usual, customary’

 A3*c

*tīða- 

WA 267, 738*, 888 etc.

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twynnen v. twine

(1) (pp.) ‘twined, plaited’ (or pres. pl. 'twine, plait');  (2) (pres. pl.) ‘match’

(1) tvinni ‘twine, twisted thread’; (2) tvennr (tvinnr) cp. 'two-fold, twin, in pairs'

 D2

*twizn-

(1) Icel tvinni, Dan tvinde, Sw tvinna; (2) Far tvinnur, Icel tvennur, Norw tvinn, tvenne, ODan tvinnæ, tvænnæ, Dan tvende, OSw tvænne, tvinn-, Sw tvenne

Gaw 191

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traistis v.

'trust, have confidence (in)'

treysta ‘to make trusty, try the strength of a thing’

 A1c

*traustjan-

Far troysta, Icel treysta, Norw trøysta, Dan trøyste, OSw trösta, Sw trösta

WA 1344, 2467, 3270 etc.

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tayt n.

'pleasure, sport, play'

teiti 'joy, cheerfulness'

 A1*c

*taita-

Far teiti, Icel teiti

Cl 889, 935; WA 1208, 3979

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Etymology