Showing 351 to 400 of 967 lexemes.

Lexeme Part of Speech Modern English Form Sense ON Etymon Summary Category PGmc Ancestor Other Scandinavian reflexes Occurrences  
staf-ful adj. staff-full

'cram-full'

(2) stappa (v.) 'to stamp, stamp down; dray in a mortar'

 D1c

(1) *staƀ-az; (2) *stamp-

(2) Norw stappfull; cp. Far stappa, Icel stappa, Norw stappa, ODan stappe

Gaw 494; WA 1543, 4897

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menske n. mensk

'courtesy, honour, fame, grace'

mennska ‘humanity, generosity’ 

 C2

*manniska-

Far (ó)menska, Icel mennska, ODan men(i)ske, OSw mænksa

Gaw 834, 914, 2052, etc.; Pe 162, 783; Cl 121, 522, 646 etc.; Erk 337; WA 1237, 5226

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wykez n. wick, wike

'corners (of the mouth)'

vik, 'corner'; cp. munn-vik (n. pl.) 'the corners of the mouth'

 C1c

*wik-

Far vik, Icel vik, Norw vik, Dan mundvig, OSw vik, MSw vik, Sw veck

Gaw 1572; Cl 1690

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littis n. lit

'colours'

litr 'colour, hue, countenance, complexion'

 A1*

*wlit-

Far litur, Icel litur, Norw lit, let, ODan lit, lyt, Dan lød, OSw liter, Sw dial lit, let

WA 4336

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stayned v. stain

'coloured'

(2) steina 'to stain, colour, paint' 

 D1

(2) *stain-

Far steina, Icel steina, Norw steina, Dan stene, OSw stena

Gaw 170

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rekils v. rickle

'clatters'

*hrika or *hrikja 'creek'

 D1

?*xrik-

cp. Far ríkja, Icel hrikkja, hrikta, Norw rikta, riksa, Sw dial rêk

WA 566

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carle n. carl

'churl'

karl 'man, common man'

 B2a

*karlaz

Far kallur, Icel karl, Norw kall, kar, Dan karl, runic Sw karilR, Sw karl

Cl 208, 876

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outkast v. outcast

'cast out'

kasta ‘to cast, throw’

 A1

*kas(a)tō(j)an- 

Far kasta, Icel kasta, Norw kasta, Dan kaste, Sw kasta

Cl 1679

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caraldes n.

'casks'
 

kerald 'cask'

 B2

*kaz-

Far kerald, Icel kerald, Norw kjerald, Sw kärl, käril

Pat 159

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taking n. taking

'capture'

taka ‘to take’, cp. taka (n.) 'capture'

 B2

*tak-

WA 1344, 1835, 2123 

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bycalle v. becall

'call upon, summon'

kalla ‘to call, cry, shout; send for; say; claim; name’

 C1a

*kall- or *kalz-

Far kalla, Icel kalla, Norw kalla, Dan kalde, Sw kalla

Pe 913, 1163
 

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swyþes v. swid

'burns (up)'

svíða 'to singe, burn'

 B2c

*swīþan-

Far svíða, Icel svíða, Norw svida, ODan swide, Dan svide, svie, OSw svidha, Sw svida

Pat 478

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forbrent v.

'burned up'

brenna 'to burn (intrans. and trans.)'

 C2ac

*ƀrennan- or *ƀrannjan-

Far brenna, Icel brenna, Norw brenna, Dan brænde, Sw brinna; Far brenna, Icel brenna, Norw brenna, ODan brænnæ, Dan brænde, OSw bränna, Sw bränna

Pe 1139

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brynston n. brimstone

'brimstone'

cp. brenna (v.) 'to burn (intrans. and trans.)', brennusteinn 'sulphur'

 C2

*ƀrennan- or *ƀrannjan-

Cl 967

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ande n.

'breath'

andi 'breath, breathing, spirit'

 C3

*anđon

Far andi, Icel andi, Norw ande, Dan ånde, OSw ande, Sw ande, anda

WA 749, 4000, 4813

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brestes v. burst

'break; burst'

bresta ‘to crack, crash; snap, break, be split open; give way, break loose (etc.)’

 C2

*brestan-

Far bresta, Icel bresta, Norw bresta, Dan briste, Sw brista

Gaw 1166; Cl 1263, 1783; Pat 148; WA 510, 728*, 789, etc.

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bawelyne n. bowline

'bowline'

bóglína

 CCC3c

*ƀōg-

Cl 417; Pat 104

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chymbled v. chymble

'bound, wrapped up'

kimbla ‘to truss up’

 CCC1c

*kemb-

Icel kimbla; cp. Far kimbil, kimbul, Icel kimbill, Norw kimbel, kimmel

Gaw 958

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soþen v. seethe

'boiled'

sjóða 'to cook (etc.)'

 CCC2

*seuþan-

Far sjóða, Icel sjóða, Norw sjoda, sjoa, Dan syde, Sw sjuda

Gaw 892

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bale (3) n.

'blaze, fire'

bál ‘fire, funeral pyre, blaze’

 A1*c

ƀēlan

Far bál, Icel bál, Norw bål, Dan bål, Sw bål

WA 562, 2231, 2658

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snart adv.

'bitterly'

snarr ‘hard-twisted (rope); swift, keen; soon’

 A2*c

*snarxa-

Far snarur, Icel snar, runic Norw (n. pl) snAreʀ, Norw snar, Dan snar, Sw snar

Gaw 2003

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sour adj. (1) sour

'bitter, acid, vile'

(2) saurr (n.) 'mud, dirt', saurigr (adj.) 'filthy, dirty'

 DD2

(1) *sūraz; (2) *saur-

(2) Far seyrur, Icel saur, Norw saur, ODan sør, OSw sör-, Sw dial sör

Cl 192, 1036

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bilooghe adv. below

'below'

lágr (adj.) ‘low’

 A1*

*lēga-

Far lágur, Icel lágur, Norw låg, Dan lav, Sw låg

Cl 116

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homly adj. homely

'belonging to the household'

heimuligr 'private, belonging to the household'

 CCC3a

*xaim-

Norw heimeleg, ODan hemmelig , hiemmelig, Dan hemmelig, OSw hemeliker , hemelikin , hemelig, Sw hemelig

Pe 1211

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semlyly adv. seemlily

'becomingly'

sœmr ‘becoming, fit’; cp. sœmiliga ‘honourably, becomingly’ 

 C1ac

*sōmi-

Icel sæmur, Norw sømre, Sw dial sym

Gaw 622

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spakid v.

'became calm' (reflexive)

spakr (adj.) 'gentle, wise'; cp. spekja 'calm, soothe, keep quiet'

 B1

cp. Far spekja, Icel spekja, Norw spekkja, Dan spæge, Sw späka

WA 237

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bekyr n. beaker

'beaker, (large) cup'

bikarr 'beaker'

 B2c


 

Far bikar, Icel bikar, Norw bikar, OSw bikar(e)

Cl 1474

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waymot adj.

'bad-tempered'

vei ‘woe’

 A1*c

*wai

Far vei, Icel vei, Norw vei, Dan ve, Sw ve

Pat 492

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askez n. ash

'ashes'

aska ‘ashes’

 CC2

*askōn

Far øska, Icel aska, Norw oske, Dan aske, ask, Sw aska

Gaw 2; Cl 626, 736, 1010 etc.; Pat 380; WA 4180

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nar v.

'are not'

cp. eru 'are'

 CCC5

*ne + *ar-

Gaw 2092

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broþe adj.

'angry, fierce, grim'

bráðr ‘immediate, sudden, harsh, fierce, rash'

 A1c

*brēða- or *brēþa-

Far bráður, Icel bráður, Norw bråd, Dan brad, Sw bråd

Gaw 1909, 2233; Cl 149, 1409

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*aucly adj., n.

'amiss, blemish'

ǫfugr 'backwards, turned the wrong way'

 D1ac

*aƀug-

Far øvugur, øvigur, Icel öfugur, Norw ovug, avug, Dan avet, Sw avig, avog

Cl 795

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rad adj. rad

'afraid'

hræddr ‘afraid, frightened, timid’

 B1c

*xrēðjan- or *xrēþjan-

Far ræða, Icel hræða, Norw ræda, Dan dial ræde, OSw ræþe, Sw dial rädda

Gaw 251; Cl 1543; WA 1040, 2510

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vnhappen adj. cp. unheppen

'accursed'

heppinn ‘lucky’; cp. óheppinn 'unlucky'

 CC1c

*xap(p)-

Far heppin, Icel heppinn, Norw heppen, Sw dial vanhäppen

Cl 573; Erk 198

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dryftes n. drift

'(snow)drifts'

drift ‘driven snow; snowdrift; pollen; dust, ashes’

 CC1a

*driƀ-

Far drift, Icel drift, Norw drift, Dan drift

Gaw 2005

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sekke n.

'(piece of ) sackcloth'

sekkr 'sackcloth'

 C1c

*sakkiz

Far sekkur, Icel sekkur, Norw sekk, Dan sæk, Sw säck

Pat 382

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traunt n. trant

'(cunning) practice'

 DD1c

(1) *trand-; (3) *tranata-

(2) Dan dial trante, Sw dial tranta; (3) Icel tranta, Norw tranta

Gaw 1700

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neked n. neked

'(a) little, a small amount'

nøkkurr (nekkvat) 'something, anything'

 D1c

Far nakað, Icel nakkvat, nekkvat, nøkkvat, nøkkut, Dan noget, Sw nokot

Gaw 1062, 1805; WA 3935

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melle n. inn ~, e~ ‘in the midst, on all sides, among ourselves, among’ nom. sg. meðal- A1*c dat. sg. of PGmc *meðal- Far meðal, miðil, Icel meðal, ODan and Sw medel; Far millin, millum, Ice milli, Norw mellan, Dan mellom, mellem, Sw mellan Gaw 1451; Pe 1127; WA 4263, 4613 View
agayn adv., prep. again (adv.) 'in return'; (prep.) 'against, facing' (í) gegn 'in opposition, against, in return'  A1*c *gagni- Far ígen, Icel gegn,  Dan igen, OSw gen Gaw 384, 1638; Pe 28, 326, 1199, etc.; Cl 266, 826; WA 50, 82, 188, etc. View
glaum n. (1a) (reading glaum (ande …)) ‘noise of merrymaking’;  (1b) (reading glaumande) ‘noisy’;  (2) (reading *glamm (ande …)) ‘din, noise of merrymaking’. (1) glaumr ‘merry noise’; (2) glamm, glamr ‘noise, tinkling sound’ D2 (1) *glaumaz; (2) ?*ga-xlam-, ?*glam (1) Far gleimur, Icel glaumur, Norw gløym, OSw glømber; (2) Icel glamm, Norw glam, Dan glam, OSw glam, Sw glam Gaw 46 View
stemmed v. stem (1)  ‘debated (with himself/themselves)’; (2) ‘stopped, halted; stood about, hesitated’ (1) stefna, stemna ‘to stand in a certain direction, aim at; to give notice to one, summon; cite (a case); call together (of a meeting)’; (2) stemma ‘to stem, stop, dam up (esp. of a stream or fluid)’ DD2 (1) *steƀnō or *staƀnjōn; (2) *stamm- (1) Far stevna, Icel stefna, Norw stemna, Dan stævne, Sw stämma; (2) Far stemma, Icel stemma, Norw stemma, Dan stemme, Sw stämma Gaw 230, 1117; WA 2960, 5301 View
roþeled (2) v. (1) ?'reeled to and fro, staggered'; (2) 'mingled' (1b) cp. riðlask 'rock, waver, reel to and fro'; (2a) raða ‘set in order’; (2b) cp. hroða 'huddle up' DD2 (2a) Far raða, Icel raða, Norw rada, Sw rada Cl 890 View
spenne (1) n. spen (1) (a) ‘space, interval’; (b) ‘struggle, strife’; (c) ‘enclosed ground’ (in ~ ‘there, in that place’); (2) ‘ground, space of turf’ (in ~ ‘there’); (3) ‘thorn bush, thorn hedge, thorn thicket’ (1a) spenna ‘to span, clasp’; (1b) spenna ‘agitation, struggle’; (1c) spenni ‘clasp’ D2 (1) *span(n)- (1a) Far spenna, Icel spenna, Norw spenna, Dan spænde, Sw spänna; (1b) Icel spenna; (1c) Far spenni, Icel spenni, Norw spenne, Sw spänne Gaw 1074 View
lenge adv., v. (1) lengh; (3) long; (4) leng (1) (lenge) and (3) (*longe) adv., ‘a long while, for a long time’; (2) (lenge) adv. compar. ‘longer’; (4) (lenge) v. infin. ‘to remain’ (1) lengi ‘long, for a long time’ DD2 (1) *lang-īn-; (3) *langa- ; (4) *lanʒjan- (1) Far leingi, Icel lengi, Norw lenge, Dan længe, Sw länge Gaw 88 View
*dyngez v. (1) ding; (2) damn (1) (*dyngez) ‘smites’; (2) (dymnez) ‘condemns’ (1) dengja ‘to hammer (metal), forge; urge/press, ask persistently’  D2 (1) *dang(w)jan- or *dengwan- (1) Far deingja, Icel dengja, Norw dengja, Dan dænge, OSw dængia, Sw dial däng(j)a Gaw 2105 View
lagmon n. (1) belag; (2) lag; (3) law (1) (*bi-laggid men) ‘men spattered with dirt’; (2) ‘last or hindmost person’ (lad … bi lagmon = ‘led astray’); (3) ‘lawyer’ (lad … bi lagmon = ‘cunningly led astray (as if by a lawyer)’ (2a) cp. liggja (v.) 'to lie'; (3) lǫg ‘law; law community, law-district’, cp. laga-maðr, lǫg-maðr D2 (2a) *lag(g)-; (3) *lag- (2a) cp. Norw lagga, Sw dial lagga; (3) Far lóg, Icel lög, Norw log, Dan lov, Sw lag Gaw 1729 View
*vntyl prep. (1) until (1) (*vntyl) ‘until’;  (2) (vntyʒtel) ‘unrestraint, lightheartedness’ (dalten ~ ‘revelled’) or ‘trifling talk’ (1) undz, unz ‘till that, till, until’ + til ‘to, until (etc.)' DD2 (1) *unða + *til-; (2) *tuhtiz (1) Icel uns; Far til, Icel til, Norw til, Dan til, Sw till, til Gaw 1114 View
raged adj., v. ragged (1) ‘ragged, shaggy’; (2) ‘hoar-frosted’ (1a) raggaðr 'provided with tufts, shaggy', rǫgg 'tuft, shagginess, strip of fur' D2 (1a) *raww-; (1b) *rag-; (2) *hrag- (1a) Icel raggaður, Norw ragget, raggad, OSw raggotter; Icel rögg, Norw ragg, ODan, OSw rag, Sw ragg; (2) Icel hragla, Sw dial ragg, ragga, Dan ræg, Dan dial (Jutlandic) rag Gaw 745; WA 5133 View
fere (2) adj. (1) feer, fere; (2) fere (1) ‘proud, bold’; (2) ‘hale, healthy’ (2) fœrr ‘able, capable, strong; fit for use, safe’ DD2 (2) *fōri- (2) Far førur, Icel fær, Norw før, Dan før, Sw för Gaw 103 View
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Etymology